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内容简介:
“这是我真正不得不写的一本书。我写，是出自义愤。即使拿不到一分钱，我也不在乎。让世界知道1937年在南京发生了什么事，对我来讲，这才是重要的。”
——张纯如
作者照片：
张纯如，在新泽西州普林斯顿出生，在伊利诺州长大。1989年从伊利诺大学毕业后，曾在美联社和芝加哥论坛报当记者，后来从约翰·霍普金斯大学获得写作学位，并开始全职写作和演说。
张纯如出身书香门第，祖父是抗日国军将领张铁军，后曾为台湾中华日报总主笔。其父当年是台大物理系“状元”，其专著《量子场论》在美国理论物理学术界颇有影响。张纯如的母亲一直从事生物化学的研究工作。
张纯如曾荣膺麦克阿瑟基金会“和平与国际合作计划”奖、美国华人团体“年度女性”称号，并且获得美国“国家科学基金会”、“太平洋文化基金会”及“哈利·杜尔门图书馆”赞助。张纯如曾成为世界最著名的文摘杂志《读者文摘》的封面人物，受到许多电视节目邀请，包括著名新闻访谈节目《夜线》(Nightline)和《吉姆莱赫新闻时间》(NewsHour With Jim Lehrer)，也为多家出版物(包括《纽约时报》和《新闻周刊》)写稿。她与NBA体育明星“东方小巨人”姚明、著名钢琴家郎朗被誉为当下美国最引人瞩目的三位华人青年。
1997年，张纯如的《南京大屠杀：被二战遗忘的浩劫》在美国出版。与南京大屠杀有关的研讨会也因此在美国哈佛及斯坦福等大学举行，美国新闻媒介都大幅报道了南京大屠杀。张纯如自己也曾到纽约等地作关于这段历史的演讲。《南京大屠杀》是首部全面记录当年日军血洗南京城暴行的英文著作，曾连续5个月被列为《纽约时报》书评的最佳畅销书，引起英语世界对二次大战时日本在中国实施暴行的关注。1998年4月，东方出版社翻译的20万字《南京大屠杀：被二战遗忘的浩劫》中译本在北京出版。
2004年11月9日，张纯如突然在美国加州自己的轿车内用手枪自杀身亡。有消息推测，年仅36岁的她可能因患抑郁症自杀。
在她的网上祭奠堂的挽联中这样写道：
历经千辛示倭鬼恶昭告世界中华第一人，
自古有死太息青云一瞬如君摇落更堪悲。
Publisher Comments :
In December 1937, the Japanese army swept into the ancient city of Nanking. Within weeks, more than 300,000 Chinese civilians were systematically raped, tortured, and murdered — a death toll exceeding that of the atomic blasts of Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined. Using extensive interviews with survivors and newly discovered documents, Iris Chang has written what will surely be the definitive history of this horrifying episode.
The Rape of Nanking tells the story from three perspectives: of the Japanese soldiers who performed it, of the Chinese civilians who endured it, and of a group of Europeans and Americans who refused to abandon the city and were able to create a safety zone that saved almost 300,000 Chinese. Among these was the Nazi John Rabe, an unlikely hero whom Chang calls the “Oskar Schindler of China” and who worked tirelessly to protect the innocent and publicize the horror. More than just narrating the details of an orgy of violence, The Rape of Nanking analyzes the militaristic culture that fostered in the Japanese soldiers a total disregard for human life. Finally, it tells the appalling story: about how the advent of the Cold War led to a concerted effort on the part of the West and even the Chinese to stifle open discussion of this atrocity. Indeed, Chang characterizes this conspiracy of silence, that persists to this day, as “a second rape”.
Amazon.com
China has endured much hardship in its history, as Iris Chang shows in her ably researched The Rape of Nanking, a book that recounts the horrible events in that eastern Chinese city under Japanese occupation in the late 1930s. Nanking, she writes, served as a kind of laboratory in which Japanese soldiers were taught to slaughter unarmed, unresisting civilians, as they would later do throughout Asia. Likening their victims to insects and animals, the Japanese commanders orchestrated a campaign in which several hundred thousand–no one is sure just how many–Chinese soldiers and noncombatants alike were killed. Chang turns up an unlikely hero in German businessman John Rabe, a devoted member of the Nazi party who importuned Adolf Hitler to intervene and stop the slaughter, and who personally saved the lives of countless residents of Nanking. She also suggests that the Japanese government pay reparations and apologize for its army’s horrific acts of 60 years ago.
From School Library Journal
The events in this book are horribly off-putting, which, paradoxically, is why they must be remembered. Chang tells of the Sino-Japanese War atrocities perpetrated by the invading Japanese army in Nanking in December 1937, in which roughly 350,000 soldiers and civilians were slaughtered in an eight-week period, many of them having been raped and/or tortured first. Not only are readers given many of the gory details?with pictures?but they are also told of the heroism of some members of a small foreign contingent, particularly of a Nazi businessman who resided in China for 30 years. The story of his bravery lends the ironic touch of someone with evil credentials doing good. Once the author finishes with the atrocities, she proceeds with the equally absorbing and much easier-to-take story of what happened to the Nazi businessman when he returned to Germany and the war ended. This by itself is material for a movie. The author tells why the Japanese government not only allowed the atrocities to occur but also refused, and continues to refuse, to acknowledge that they happened. She is quite evenhanded in reminding readers that every culture has some episode like this in its history; what makes this one important is the number of people killed and tortured, the sadism, and the ongoing Japanese denial of responsibility. Mature readers will look beyond the sensational acts of cruelty to ponder the horror of man’s inhumanity to man and the examples of heroism in the midst of savagery.
Judy McAloon, Potomac Library, Prince William County, VA
From Library Journal
Even though the Japanese government still refuses to acknowledge the massacre of at least 250,000 Chinese civilians by invading Japanese troops in 1937, freelance writer Chang (the Chicago Tribune, the New York Times, the Associated Press) has exposed in detail the full, terrible account of what happened to the war-torn capital of Nanking. Chang, whose grandparents survived the brutality, first establishes Japan’s social hierarchy by martial competition, then shows how the city of Nanking fell, the six weeks of horror following, and the Nanking safety zone created by Americans and Europeans. The book goes on to depict the city’s occupation, the judgment day for Japanese war criminals, the cover-up perpetrated by Japanese textbooks, and Japan’s self-imposed censorship. The unseen illustrations will certainly complement the vivid description of one of the most horrible massacres of all. This unique, deeply researched book, with its firsthand account, is an excellent choice for larger public libraries and the East Asia collections of academic libraries.
Steven Lin, American Samoa Community Coll. Lib.
From AudioFile
Few know the details of the Japanese invasion of Nanking during WWII. Once a capital city of China, it became a scene of holocaust, rivaling any of Europe’s in brutality and numbers. This is not history for the squeamish. Chang unfolds episodes with painstaking detail. She documents facts, reactions and rebuttals and includes a psycho-sociological analysis of the Japanese character to explain (if not excuse) their excesses. With a dry voice, Fields keeps her narrative from overreaction, using a finely tuned ear for inflection to emphasize the worst horrors. This is a real accomplishment as it would be hard NOT to express indignation. Her intelligent performance makes this a remarkable and compelling experience. S.B.S.
From Kirkus Reviews
Billing itself as the first English-language history devoted to the Japanese Army’s 1937 massacre in China’s capital, this slight account will by no means be the last word. Repeated references to Schindler’s List point to the problem with this overdigested version of the past: It reads like a treatment for a probably inevitable cinema version of the hideous incident. Its economical, blandly shocking anecdotes of crimes against humanity and its cardboard heroes suggest scenes ready-made for screenwritten history. Thus, while rigorous in its moral earnestness, the book is inadequate as a history. After a minimal background chapter on Japanese militarism, Chang, a freelance journalist, describes the Japanese assault on Nanking. The specifics are deeply horrific: Over a period of several months Japanese soldiers killed approximately a quarter of a million Chinese, almost all of them noncombatants, including the elderly, women, and children. But the potential ingredients of a skillfully woven narrative are separated here into lifeless clumps of facts–catalogues of atrocities by kind; tiny summaries of topics of significant contextual interest, like foreign intelligence concerning the massacre; and probably gripping oral recollections flattened into clunky prose (“of the hundreds of people killed that day . . . Tang was the only survivor”). Chang tells only as much as one needs to know to indignantly draw the familiar lessons for humanity–“the frightening ease with which the mind can accept genocide, turning us all into passive spectators to the unthinkable.” What’s needed is to vivify such truths with intense historical reality. Chang fails because he rushes to simplify complex events and to universalize what happened at the expense of a careful, comprehensive appreciation of a world violently destroyed. (photos, not seen) (First serial to Newsweek)
Frederic Wakeman, Director of the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley
Iris Chang’s RAPE OF NANKING is an utterly compelling book. The descriptions of the atrocities raise fundamental questions not only about imperial Japanese militarism but the psychology of the torturers, rapists and murderers. Many Japanese have denied that these events ever took place, substituting amnesia for guilt, but Iris Chang’s heartbreaking account will make such evasion impossible in the future for all but the most diehard right-wing Japanese extremists.
About Author
Iris Chang, a full time author living in California, heard stories about the Rape of Nanking from her parents, who survived years of war and revolution before finding a serene home as professors in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois. A journalism graduate of the University of Illinois at Urbana, she worked briefly as a reporter in Chicago before winning a graduate fellowship to the writing seminars program at The Johns Hopkins University. Her first book, Thread of the Silkworm (the story of Tsien-Hsue-shen, father of the People’s Republic of China’s missile program) received worldwide critical acclaim. She is the recipient of the John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation’s Program on Peace and International Cooperation award, as well as major grants from the National Science Foundation, the Pacific Cultural Foundation, and the Harry Truman Library. She is 30 years old.
Book Dimension :
Height (cm) 19.8 Width (cm) 12.8
作者简介:
作者：（美）张纯如（Iris Chang）译者：谭春霞、焦国林
张纯如1989年毕业于伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳•香槟分校，获新闻学学士学位。毕业后在芝加哥度过了短暂的记者生涯，之后在约翰•霍普金斯大学获写作硕士学位。
作为美国著名的年轻历史学家之一，张纯如曾获得众多荣誉，包括麦克阿瑟基金会和平与国际合作项目奖、华裔美国人组织年度女性奖、伍斯特学院名誉博士、加州州立大学东湾分校名誉博士等。1991年，张纯如与布雷特•道格拉斯（Brett Douglas）结婚，并育有一子。
她的作品刊登在《新闻周刊》、《纽约时报》、《洛杉矶时报》等多家出版物上，此外，她还接受众多电视和广播节目的采访，并发表过众多演讲。除了《南京大屠杀》之外，张纯如还有《蚕丝》（Thread of the Silkworm）和《美国华人》（The Chinese in America）两部著作问世。
2004年11月9日，张纯如在美国加利福尼亚州自己的轿车内开枪自杀。
原文摘录:
在一个眩晕的瞬间，我陡然明白生命和人类的经历本身都是如此脆弱。我们从小就知道死亡是什么。任何人都会被卡车或者巴士撞到，生命随之在刹那间消失。如果没有某种宗教荥阳，我们会认为这样的死亡是毫无意义也不公正的对生命的剥夺。但我们也知道，大多数人都尊重生命和死亡的过程。如果你被一辆巴士装撞了，也许有人会乘你受伤的时候偷走你的钱包，但更多的人会来帮你，抢救你宝贵的生命。有人会拨急救电话，有人会奔跑到街上叫当班的警察，还有人会脱下大衣，叠起来垫在你的脑后。这样，即使这是你生命的最后时刻，你也能从这些很小却很温暖的事情中感受到他人的关心。挂在普库提诺墙上的照片却展示了千千万万的生命会因他人的狂妄念头而遭到毁灭，而这种死亡在第二天就变得毫无意义。更重要的是，那些带来死亡的人竟还羞辱受难者，逼使他们在最大限度的痛苦和耻辱中死去。这样对死亡的残忍的不敬，这样人类社会过程的倒退，将只会缩成历史的一个脚注。除非有人迫使这个世界去记住它，否则它就像计算机程序中的一个无害的小错，也许会，又也许不会引起任何问题。想到这里，我感到一阵心悸。
回顾千年历史，使人清楚的是，没有一个种族或一种文化在战争的残酷性方便占有垄断权。文明的外衣看起来是太薄了——以致人们能够很容易就把它撕去，特别是在战争的压力下。
尽管中国俘虏的人数大大超过要杀死他们的日本人，而且有可能战胜他们，但却没有一个人行动，每个人都畏怯的顺从。可悲的是，在这个大坑周围的所有人当中，唐记得只有这位孕妇表现出一点点勇气。
我们应以慎重的天都看待南京的暴行——它阐明了人是多么容易被鼓励让十几岁的孩子泯灭天性，成为可怕的杀人机器。
只要罪恶离我们远得不足以对个人形成威胁，人性中一些扭曲的东西，社会会使得最令人难以言说的罪恶在瞬间变成平常琐事。 (查看原文)
-托xxx-
22赞
2012-10-03 13:20:41
—— 引自第1页
1948年3月，国民政府南京市长来到瑞士，购买了大量的奶粉、香肠、茶叶、咖啡、牛肉、黄油和果酱，用4个大包裏将这些食品寄给了拉贝。自1948年6月到1949年中国人民解放军进入南京，南京人民每月都给拉贝寄一包食品，以表达他们对拉贝在南京国际安全区所做的一切的衷心感谢之情。国民党政府还指出，如果拉贝愿意返回中国，将为他提供住房和终身养老金。
对拉贝及其家人来说，这些包裹仿佛从天而降。因为在那些包裹到达之前，拉贝一家采集野菜，煮成汤让孩子们吃，大人则凭着一点干面包维持生命，当拉贝给南京写信时，柏林的市场上连面包都没有了，这也使得那些包裹更加宝贵。拉贝一家对南京人民的支持十分感激，拉贝也在信中说，南京人民的这一举动使他恢复了对生命的信心。 (查看原文)
鹿川没有粪
3 回复
9赞
2020-05-03 15:57:32
—— 引自章节：177 幸存者的命运