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内容简介:
Robert Nozick’s Anarchy, State, and Utopia is a powerful, philosophical challenge to the most widely held political and social positions of our age —- liberal, socialist and conservative. “Individuals have rights,” Nozick writes in his opening sentence, “and there are things no person or group may do to them without violating their rights.” The work that follows is a sophisticated and passionate defence of the rights of the individual as opposed to the state. The author argues that the state is justified only when it is severely limited to the narrow function of protection against force, theft and fraud and to the enforcement of contracts. Any more extensive activities by the state, he demonstrates, will inevitably violate individual rights. Among the many achievements of the work are an important new theory of distributive justice, a model of utopia, and an integration of ethics, legal philosophy and economic theory into a profound position in political philosophy which will be discussed for years to come.
作者简介:
Robert Nozick (1938-2002) was the Arthur Kingsley Porter Professor of Philosophy at Harvard University. The author of numerous books including The Examined Life and Philosophical Explanations, Nozick was the recipient of the National Book Award for Anarchy, State, and Utopia.
原文摘录:
爱是另外一种关系的有趣例证，而这种关系是历史的(像正义一样) ，是依赖于实际发生的事情的。一个成年人可能因为另一个人的性格而去爱这个人，但是，被爱的是这另一个人，而不是这种性格。爱不可以转让给具有相同性格的其他人，甚至不可以转让给在这些性格方面“打分”更高的人。即使引起爱情的这种性格改变了，这种爱情也会持续下去。一个人爱的是所实际碰到的这个特殊的人。为什么爱是历史的，并以这样的方式同人有关而不是同性格有关，这是一个有趣的、令人迷惑的问题。 (查看原文)
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9赞
2014-04-08 10:28:01
—— 引自第201页
我们可以区分开三种乌托邦立场：帝王式的乌托邦思想，它主张强迫所有人都进入某一和样式的共同体传教士的乌托邦思想，它希望说服所有人都生活在某一种特殊的共同体之中，但是不强迫他们这样做；存在主义的乌托邦思想，它希望某种特殊样式的共同体将存在下去（将能够生存下去），尽管不一定。 (查看原文)
豆友1480552
5赞
2021-06-15 06:59:04
—— 引自章节：第十章 一种乌托邦的框架