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内容简介:
A gorgeously-illustrated deep dive into the immune system that will forever change how you think about your body – how it works and why it is both your greatest ally and most dangerous enemy – from the creator of the popular science YouTube channel Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell.
作者简介:
Philipp Dettmer is the founder and head writer of Kurzgesagt, one of the largest science channels on Youtube with over fifteen million subscribers and one billion views. After dropping out of high school at age fifteen, Philipp met a remarkable teacher who inspired in him a passion for learning and understanding the world. He went on to study history and information design with a focus on infographics. After college, Philipp started Kurzgesagt as a passion project to explain complicated ideas from a holistic perspective. When the channel took off, Philipp dedicated himself full-time to making difficult ideas engaging and accessible.
原文摘录:
基本上，有效的药物要具有这样的分子：它可以和病原体拥有的特定形状结合（与受体结合抗原不无相似之处），而这种形状又是人体没有的。原则上，这就是许多药物、特别是抗生素的工作机制，它们专门攻击细菌那些和人体细胞不同的构型。
其实我们有几千种对付病毒感染的药物，但问题是，这
些药大部分都很危险，甚至会致人死亡。许多药不到万不得已不能用，只有在病人命悬一线的情况下才能用。
再想一想病毒的本性。我们可以在两个地方攻击病毒：体细胞外，或是体细胞内。要在细胞外攻击病毒，就要攻击那些能和体细胞受体结合的病毒蛋白。而这种方法最大、最突出的问题，就是能够抑制病毒蛋白的药物，也会跟人体的许多部分结合。因为病毒要和体细胞受体结合，就必须伪装成人体的一部分，这一部分还要具备某种关键功能。要是我们针对某类能结合这种体细胞受体的病毒来开发药物，那么，这种药物就很可能攻击所有能结合该受体的人体蛋白。要在细胞内攻击病毒，道理也是这样——我们无法生产扰乱病毒各新陈代谢环节的药，比如对付核糖体的药。因为病毒利用的就是人类的核糖体。好讨厌，但病毒太像人了，因为它就是利用人体的结构来自我复制的。 (查看原文)
toeyc
1赞
2023-01-05 14:19:39
—— 引自章节：题外话 为什么没有更好的抗病毒药？ 220
So you have probably heard that you have white blood cells and they are your immune cells or something like that. Well, while this name has its use in the right context it just generally means “the cells of the immune system” and I don’t think immunology has done itself a favor with this term. “White blood cells” describes so many different cells that do so many different things that it is sort of useless if you want to understand what is really going on here. So you can forget “white blood cells” again because we are not going to use it. (查看原文)
C仔
1 回复
1赞
2022-01-10 04:39:14
—— 引自第27页