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内容简介:
In the summer of 1937, Japanese troops occupied the campuses of Beijing’s two leading universities, Beida and Qinghua, and reduced Nankai, in Tianjin, to rubble. These were China’s leading institutions of higher learning, run by men educated in the West and committed to modern liberal education. The three universities first moved to Changsha, 900 miles southwest of Beijing, where they joined forces. But with the fall of Nanjing in mid-December, many students left to fight the Japanese, who soon began bombing Changsha.In February 1938, the 800 remaining students and faculty made the thousand-mile trek to Kunming, in China’s remote, mountainous southwest, where they formed the National Southwest Associated University (Lianda). In makeshift quarters, subject to sporadic bombing by the Japanese and shortages of food, books, and clothing, students and professors did their best to conduct a modern university. In the next eight years, many of China’s most prominent intellectuals taught or studied at Lianda. This book is the story of their lives and work under extraordinary conditions.Lianda’s wartime saga crystallized the experience of a generation of Chinese intellectuals, beginning with epic journeys, followed by years of privation and endurance, and concluding with politicization, polarization, and radicalization, as China moved from a war of resistance against a foreign foe to a civil war pitting brother against brother. The Lianda community, which had entered the war fiercely loyal to the government of Chiang Kai-shek, emerged in 1946 as a bastion of criticism of China’s ruling Guomindang party. Within three years, the majority of the Lianda community, now returned to its north China campuses in Beijing and Tianjin, was prepared to accept Communist rule.In addition to struggling for physical survival, Lianda’s faculty and students spent the war years striving to uphold a model of higher education in which modern universities, based in large part on the American model, sought to preserve liberal education, political autonomy, and academic freedom. Successful in the face of wartime privations, enemy air raids, and Guomindang pressure, Lianda’s constituent universities eventually succumbed to Communist control. By 1952, the Lianda ideal had been replaced with a politicized and technocratic model borrowed from the Soviet Union.
作者简介:
易社强（John Israel），西南联大荣誉校友。早年就读于威斯康辛大学、哈佛大学。师从费正清教授，现为弗吉尼亚大学历史系荣休教授。主要从事中国现代史研究。著有《1927-1937年中国学生民族主义》（Student Nationalism in China，1927-1937）等。
饶佳荣，厦门大学历史系毕业。与师友合译《档案中的虚构》等多部作品。
原文摘录:
统一思想之外，毛泽东与其同僚还追求社会大同，以期绝对平等。毛泽东无法接受特权精英群体，该群体由学者、专家和技术人员组成，受到实力雄厚的官僚集团的保护。特别是“文化大革命”时期，联大校友及其他学界权威都被揪出来批斗。批斗正中靶心，因为这种社会平等与联大师生所广泛共享的理念截然相反。由于身处社会金字塔的顶端，这群知识分子并不接受“世界大同、人人平等”这种教条，更别提“贫农和工人的道德优越性”这种意识形态了。即使是在大学校园里，梅贻琦也堪称楷模，他虚怀若谷、朴实无华、亲切平易。在他眼里，教授是高级物种，资深教授更是寡头集团。
在中国历史上，饱学之士与目不识丁者之间的隔阂由来已久，孟子所谓的“劳心者”与“劳力者”的区别并没有消失。抗战时期艰苦的条件可能模糊了各阶层的界限，上层精英跟平民大众一样，只能勉强维持生活，但患难与共并不意味着志趣相投。虽然吃着平民百姓的苦味米饭，知识分子却喜欢单独开小灶。到了20世纪，这种现象比过去更加严重，学富五车往往意味着“谈笑有鸿儒，往来无白丁”。一般而言，受过现代教育，经历都市社会生活，其结果就是莘莘学子与普通百姓更加格格不入。 (查看原文)
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3 回复
16赞
2012-05-05 19:24:06
—— 引自第320页
联大的成就并不限于学术方面。面对武装暴力和政治压迫，它刚毅坚卓的精神激励了历经患难的知识分子，他们兢兢业业，孜孜矻矻。到40年代后期，内战摧毁了自由、宽容与温文和平的基础，而这三者决定了通才教育的未来。后来的历史证明，国民党的腐败、无能、暴政和草菅人命，确确实实可能被某种更为糟糕的体制所取代【这句碉堡了】。1949年夺取政权以后，共产党对自由知识分子的言行举止进行了史无前例的压制。 (查看原文)
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6赞
2012-05-05 19:13:02
—— 引自第317页