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内容简介:
Throughout history, some books have changed the world. They have transformed the way we see ourselves and each other. They have inspire d debate, dissent, war and revolution. They have enlightened, outraged, provoked and comforted. They have enriched lives and destroyed them. Now Penguin brings you the works of the great thinkers, pioneers, radicals and visionaries whose ideas shook civilization, and helped make us who we are.
作者简介:
Niccolò Machiavelli (born May 3, 1469, Florence-died June 21, 1527, Florence) Italian statesman, historian, and political theorist. He rose to power after the overthrow of Girolamo Savonarola, was appointed secretary and Second Chancellor to the Florentine Republic in 1498. Working as a diplomat for 14 years, he came in contact with the most powerful figures in Europe. He was dismissed when the Medici family returned to power in 1512, and during the next year he was arrested and tortured for conspiracy. Though soon released, he was not permitted to return to public office. His famous treatise The Prince (1513, published 1532) is a handbook for rulers; though dedicated to Lorenzo de’ Medici, ruler of Florence from 1513, it failed to win Machiavelli his favour. Machiavelli viewed The Prince as an objective description of political reality. Because he viewed human nature as venal, grasping, and thoroughly self-serving, he suggested that ruthless cunning is appropriate to the conduct of government. Though admired for its incisive brilliance, the book also has been widely condemned as cynical and amoral, and “Machiavellian” has come to mean deceitful, unscrupulous, and manipulative. His other works include a set of discourses on Livy (completed c. 1518), the comedy The Mandrake (completed c. 1518), The Art of War (published 1521), and the Florentine Histories (completed c. 1525).
原文摘录:
君主应当把引发非难的事情委诸他人执行，而把施恩布惠的事情留给自己。 (查看原文)
胡小猴
17赞
2020-03-08 09:05:26
—— 引自章节：君主论正文
《君主论》、《论提图斯•李维著〔罗马史〕前十卷》三卷(下称《李维史论》)、《佛罗伦萨史》八卷、《兵法》(直译：《战争的艺术》)七卷、《曼陀罗华》(喜剧)，还有其他剧本、诗、文以及大量的关于出使各国的情况报告和通讯等等。
约在1495年或1496年，他在共和国政府里开始担任助理员(Coadiutore)。1498年5月，萨沃纳罗拉在反对派的策动和教皇亚力山大六世的迫害下，作为异端者被绞杀和焚尸。马基雅维里对教皇干涉各国政治的悲剧不能不有所感受。①后来他在《君主论》中谈到，统治者建立新的秩序而没有自己的武装作为后盾就不免于毁灭，②还提出军队与法律作为立国的两大支柱的国家学说，其思想渊源与此不是没有关系的。
在1500年秋，就皮萨战争问题，他出使求助法王；在拥有强大武力的君主集权的大国面前，由于本国武力与财力俱弱，为外国国王蔑视，逗留数月，怏怏而归，不能不加深马基雅维里谋求富国强兵、民族独立的渴望。
一、雇佣军的历史教训：创建国民军是马基雅维里毕生努力的最大的事业之一。同时也是《君主论》探讨的最重要课题之一。 (查看原文)
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1 回复
10赞
2012-09-28 09:27:14
—— 引自第1页