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《苏菲的世界》一书以小说的形式，通过一名哲学导师向一个叫苏菲的女孩传授哲学知识的经过，揭示了西方哲学发展的历程。由前苏格拉底时代到萨特，以及亚里士多德、笛卡儿、黑格尔等人的思想都通过作者生动的笔触跃然纸上，并配以当时的历史背景加以解释，引人入胜。评论家认为，对于那些从未读过哲学课程的人而言，此书是最为合适的入门书，而对于那些以往读过一些哲学而已忘得一干二净的人士，也可起到温故知新的作用。
14岁的少女苏菲不断接到一些极不寻常的来信，世界像谜团一般在她眼前展开。在一位神秘导师的指引下，苏菲开始思索，她运用少女天生的悟性与后天知识，企图解开这些谜团。然而，事实真相远比她所想的更怪异、更离奇……
《苏菲的世界》，是智慧的世界，梦的世界。它将会唤醒每个人内心深处对生命的赞叹与对人生终极意义的关怀与好奇。
Book Description
A page-turning novel that is also an exploration of the great philosophical concepts of Western thought, Sophie’s World has fired the imagination of readers all over the world, with more than twenty million copies in print.
One day fourteen-year-old Sophie Amundsen comes home from school to find in her mailbox two notes, with one question on each: “Who are you?” and “Where does the world come from?” From that irresistible beginning, Sophie becomes obsessed with questions that take her far beyond what she knows of her Norwegian village. Through those letters, she enrolls in a kind of correspondence course, covering Socrates to Sartre, with a mysterious philosopher, while receiving letters addressed to another girl. Who is Hilde? And why does her mail keep turning up? To unravel this riddle, Sophie must use the philosophy she is learning—but the truth turns out to be far more complicated than she could have imagined.
Amazon.com
Wanting to understand the most fundamental questions of the universe isn’t the province of ivory-tower intellectuals alone, as this book’s enormous popularity has demonstrated. A young girl, Sophie, becomes embroiled in a discussion of philosophy with a faceless correspondent. At the same time, she must unravel a mystery involving another young girl, Hilde, by using everything she’s learning. The truth is far more complicated than she could ever have imagined.
From Publishers Weekly
This long, dense novel, a bestseller in the author’s native Norway, offers a summary history of philosophy embedded in a philosophical mystery disguised as a children’s book-but only sophisticated young adults would be remotely interested. Sophie Amundsen is about to turn 15 when she receives a letter from one Alberto Knox, a philosopher who undertakes to educate her in his craft. Sections in which we read the text of Knox’s lessons to Sophie about the pre-Socratics, Plato and St. Augustine alternate with those in which we find out about Sophie’s life with her well-meaning mother. Soon, though, Sophie begins receiving other, stranger missives addressed to one Hilde Moller Knag from her absent father, Albert. As Alberto Knox’s lessons approach this century, he and Sophie come to suspect that they are merely characters in a novel written by Albert for his daughter. Teacher and pupil hatch a plot to understand and possibly escape from their situation; and from there, matters get only weirder. Norwegian philosophy professor Gaarder’s notion of making a history of philosophy accessible is a good one. Unfortunately, it’s occasionally undermined by the dry language he uses to describe the works of various thinkers and by an idiosyncratic bias that gives one paragraph to Nietzsche but dozens to Sartre, breezing right by Wittgenstein and the most influential philosophy of this century, logical positivism. Many readers, regardless of their age, may be tempted to skip over the lessons, which aren’t well integrated with the more interesting and unusual metafictional story line. Author tour.
From School Library Journal
YA?From the opening Goethe quotation to the closing discussion of the big bang theory, this is an extraordinary, exciting, provocative book that has been a bestseller in Europe. Gaarder presents a didactic history of philosophical thought as part of a fictional mystery story that both pulls readers along and breaks up the “heavy” explanations into manageable parts. Yet the plot is itself a philosophical conundrum, not resolved until the aftermath of a hilarious, disturbing garden party in celebration of both Midsummer’s Eve and the 15th birthday of the protagonist, a suburban Norwegian teenager. And even then, the mystery, like the human mystery, is not really resolved, and leaves readers wanting to know more. Gaarder pulls off the difficult feat of blending philosophy and entertainment in a way that will capture YAs’ interest and make them eager to explore further.
Judy McAloon, Potomac Library, Prince William County, VA
From Library Journal
This novel has already been a best seller in Scandinavia and Germany, and though it is markedly different from the prototypical American best seller, it should also do well here. The framework of the story is the receipt by a 14-year-old girl of mysterious letters that present her with a history of Western philosophy, from the pre-Socratics through Jean-Paul Sartre. After reading them, Sophie is prompted to ask questions and to think analytically. She also tries to discover their source and other manifestations, such as the puzzling postcards a Norwegian UN soldier in Lebanon sends to his nearly 15-year-old daughter. Adults and mature teens will appreciate the mystery as well as the philosophy lessons found in this first novel by a Norwegian high school philosophy teacher. Recommended for most collections.
Ann Irvine, Montgomery Cty. P.L., Md.
From AudioFile
Have you always wanted an overview of philosophy but never had the time to pursue it? SOPHIE’S WORLD is the answer. It contains an abbreviated survey of Western philosophy. Kitt Weagant reads 15-year-old Sophie’s part in wonder-filled tones, sparkling with inquisitiveness. Jacob Needleman reads Alberto Knox, the philosophy teacher, who presents the philosophy in bit-sized pieces. His voice is slow and steady, phrasing the sentences for easy comprehension. The second tape contains music, which separates the story from the discourse and is often distracting. Nonetheless, SOPHIE’S WORLD will aid the listener in discovering the secrets of philosophical thought. M.B.K.
From Kirkus Reviews
What if we were all just characters from a book written by Major Albert Knag as a philosophical present for his daughter Hilde’s 15th birthday? This is the question that Sophie Amundsen must ask as she tackles the history of philosophy in what begins as a personalized correspondence course for which she never signed up. Coming home from school one day, Sophie finds questions in her mailbox, followed by typewritten pages about philosophy. She also gets strange birthday cards apparently intended for a Hilde Mller Knag in Lillesand, whom she has never met. Through these unusual circumstances, Sophie embarks on the study of philosophy with Alberto Knox–a middle-aged mystery man in a beret–only to discover that she is nothing more than the fictional heroine of a novel (called Sophie’s World) about the history of philosophy. Hilde, on the other hand, whom we meet halfway through the book, appears to be a real girl whose father has written a novel entitled Sophie’s World. She in turn learns about philosophy by reading about Sophie’s study of philosophy, never suspecting that she is merely a character in a book–Sophie’s World–written by a philosophy teacher named Jostein Gaarder to teach teenagers the beauty of philosophical discourse. In this long, self- referential novel (to use the word loosely), Gaarder presents philosophy in a clear, cogent way, using Sophie’s and Hilde’s experiences to illustrate his points. The reader who is expecting something other than a creative textbook, however, will be disappointed. Maybe Gaarder can fool Norwegian youths into learning philosophy, but savvy American kids won’t be so easily hoodwinked. Index. (Philosophy/Fiction. All ages)
Midwest Book Review
Sophie, a Norwegian schoolgirl, is anticipating her fifteenth birthday when a card arrives in the mail asking the question: Who are you? With her unorthodox and mysterious mentor Alberto Knox, Sophie ponders the great questions of Western philosophy (ranging from the pre-Socratic Greeks to Jean-Paul Sartre) in this fascinating, humorous work. Ideal listening for teens and adults of all ages.
Book Dimension
length: (cm)20.9 width:(cm)13.9
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苏菲的世界
作者简介:
乔斯坦·贾德1952年生于挪威，担任高中哲学教师多年。自1986年出版第一部作品以来，已成为挪威世界级的作家。1991年《苏菲的世界》出版后，成为挪威、丹厂、瑞典和德国的畅销书，销量达三百万册。目前，已有三十多个国家购买了该书的版权。
原文摘录:
“巴洛克”这个名词原来的意思是‘形状不规则的珍珠’。这是巴洛克艺术的典型特征。它比文艺复兴时期的艺术要更充满了对照鲜明的形式，相形之下，后者则显得较为平实而和谐。整体来说，十七世纪的主要特色就是在各种相互矛盾的对比中呈现的张力。
当时有许多人抱持文艺复兴时期持续不坠的乐观精神，另一方面又有许多人过着退隐山林、禁欲苦修的宗教生活。无论在艺术还是现实生活上，我们都可以看到夸张华丽的自我表达形式，但另外一方面也有一股退隐避世的潮流逐渐兴起。”
“你是说，当时既有宏伟华丽的宫廷，也有僻静的修道院?”
“是的。一点没错。巴洛克时期的口头禅之一是拉丁谚语carpediem，也就是‘把握今天’的意思。另外一句也很流行的拉丁谚语则是mementomori，就是‘不要忘记你将会死亡’。
“在艺术方面，当时的绘画可能一方面描绘极其繁华奢靡的生活，但在角落里却画了一个骷髅头。从很多方面来说，巴洛克时期的特色是浮华而矫饰的。但在同一时期，也有许多人意识到世事无常，明白我们周遭的美好事物终有一天会消殒凋零。”
在政治方面，巴洛克时期也是一个充满冲突的年代。当时的欧洲可说是烽火遍地。其中最惨烈的是从一六一八年打到一六四八年的‘三十年战争’，欧洲大部分地区都卷入其中。事实上，所谓‘三十年战争’指的是一连串战役，而受害最深的是德国。由于这些战争，法国逐渐成为欧洲象强大的国家。”
“他们为什么要打仗呢?”
“有一大部分是由于基督新教与天主教之间的冲突。但也有一些是为了争夺政权。”
除此之外，十七世纪也是阶级差距很大的时代。你一定听过法国的贵族和凡尔赛宫。但我不知道你对法国人民穷困的生活知道多少。不过财富往往建立于权力之上。人们常说巴洛克时期的政治情势与当时的艺术与建筑有几分相似。巴洛克时期的建筑特色在于屋角与隙缝有许多细部装饰。同样的，当时政… (查看原文)
盐花
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2012-05-10 02:17:34
—— 引自章节：巴洛克时期
犬儒学派
据说，有一天苏格拉底站在街上，注视着一个贩卖各种商品的摊子。最后他说：“这些东西中有太多是我根本不需要的啊！”
这句话可以做为犬儒派哲学的注解。这个学派是在公元前四百年左右由雅典的安提塞尼斯（Antisthenes）所创。安提塞尼斯曾受教于苏格拉底门下，对于苏格拉底节俭的生活方式特别有兴趣，犬儒派学者强调，真正的幸福不是建立在外在环境的优势——如丰裕的物质、强大的政治力量与健壮的身体——之上。真正幸福的人不依赖这些稍纵即逝的东西。同时，由于幸福不是由这类福祉构成的，因此每一个人都可以获致幸福，更重要的是，一旦获得了这种幸福，就不可能失去它。
最著名的犬儒派人士是安提塞尼斯的弟子戴奥基尼斯（Dio—gzenes），据说他住在一个木桶中，除了一袭斗篷、一支棍子与一个面包袋之外，什么也没有，（因此要偷取他的幸福可不容易！）有一天他坐在木桶旁，舒服地晒着太阳时，亚历山大大帝前来探望他。
亚历山大站在他的前面，告诉他只要他想要任何东西，他都可以赐予他。戴奥基尼斯答道：“我希望你闪到旁边，让我可以晒到太阳。”
就这样，戴奥基尼斯证明他比亚历山大这位伟大的将军要更富裕，也更快乐，因为他已经拥有了自己想要的一切。
犬儒学派相信，人们毋需担心自己的健康，不应该因生老病死而苦恼，也不必担心别人的痛苦而让自己活受罪。
于是，到了今天，“犬儒主义”这些名词的意思变成是对人类真诚的轻蔑不信，暗含对别人的痛苦无动于衷的态度与行为。
斯多葛学派
犬儒学派促进了斯多葛学派的发展。后者在公元三百年左右兴起于雅典。它的创始人是季诺（Zeno）。此人最初住在塞浦勒斯，在一次船难后来到雅典，加入犬儒学派。他经常在门廊上聚集徒众。斯多葛（Stoic）这个字就是源自希腊文stoa（门廊）这个字。这个学派后来对于罗马文化有很大的影响。
就… (查看原文)
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2014-01-26 19:26:40
—— 引自章节：希腊文明时期的四个学派：犬儒学派、斯多葛学派、伊比鸠鲁学派、