本网站不提供下载链接，喜欢看书的朋友请关注公众号：【lennylee的碎碎念】(lennyleede)，首页回复：授人以渔，自动获取搜索资源的方法。
内容简介:
Objectivity has a history, and it is full of surprises. In Objectivity, Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison chart the emergence of objectivity in the mid-nineteenth-century sciences—and show how the concept differs from its alternatives, truth-to-nature and trained judgment. This is a story of lofty epistemic ideals fused with workaday practices in the making of scientific images.
From the eighteenth through the early twenty-first centuries, the images that reveal the deepest commitments of the empirical sciences—from anatomy to crystallography—are those featured in scientific atlases, the compendia that teach practitioners what is worth looking at and how to look at it. Galison and Daston use atlas images to uncover a hidden history of scientific objectivity and its rivals. Whether an atlas maker idealizes an image to capture the essentials in the name of truth-to-nature or refuses to erase even the most incidental detail in the name of objectivity or highlights patterns in the name of trained judgment is a decision enforced by an ethos as well as by an epistemology.
As Daston and Galison argue, atlases shape the subjects as well as the objects of science. To pursue objectivity—or truth-to-nature or trained judgment—is simultaneously to cultivate a distinctive scientific self wherein knowing and knower converge. Moreover, the very point at which they visibly converge is in the very act of seeing not as a separate individual but as a member of a particular scientific community. Embedded in the atlas image, therefore, are the traces of consequential choices about knowledge, persona, and collective sight. Objectivity is a book addressed to anyone interested in the elusive and crucial notion of objectivity—and in what it means to peer into the world scientifically.
作者简介:
Lorraine Daston is Director at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin, Germany. She is the coauthor of Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750 and the editor of Things That Talk: Object Lessons from Art and Science (both Zone Books).
Peter Galison is Pellegrino University Professor of the History of Science and of Physics at Harvard University. He is the author of Einstein’s Clocks, Poincaré’s Maps: Empires of Time, How Experiments End, and Image and Logic: A Material Culture of Microphysics, among other books, and coeditor (with Emily Thompson) of The Architecture of Science (MIT Press, 1999).
Preface 9
Prologue: Objectivity Shock 11
Ⅰ EPISTEMOLOGOIES OF THE EYE 17
Blind Sight 17
Collective Empiricism 19
Objectivity Is New 27
Histories of the Scientific Self 35
Epistemic Virtues 39
The Argument 42
Objectivity in Shirtsleeves 51
Ⅱ TRUTH-TO-NATURE 55
Before Objectivity 55
Taming Nature’s Variability 63
The Idea in the Observation 69
Four-Eyed Sight 84
Drawing from Nature 98
Truth-to-Nature after Objectivity 105
Ⅲ MECHANICAL OBJECTIVITY 115
Seeing Clear 115
Photography as Science and Art 125
Automatic Images and Blind Sight 138
Drawing Against Photography 161
Self-Surveillance 174
Ethics of Objectivity 183
Ⅳ THE SCIENTIFIC SELF 191
Why Objectivity? 191
The Scientific Subject 198
Kant Among the Scientists 205
Scientific Personas 216
Observation and Attention 234
Knower and Knowledge 246
Ⅴ STRUCTURAL OBJECTIVITY 253
Objectivity Without Images 253
The Objective Science of Mind 262
The Real, the Objective, and the Communicable 265
The Color of Subjectivity 273
What Even a God Could Not Say 283
Dreams of a Neutral Language 289
The Cosmic Community 297
Ⅵ TRAINED JUDGEMENT 309
The Uneasiness of Mechanical Reproduction 309
Accuracy Should Not Be Sacrificed to Objectivity 321
The Art of Judgment 346
Practices and the Scientific Self 357
Ⅶ REPRESENTATION TO PRESENTATION 363
Seeing Is Being: Truth, Objectivity, andJudgment 363
Seeing Is Making: Nanofacture 382
Right Depiction 412
Acknowledgments 417
Notes 419
Index 483
· · · · · · (收起)
原文摘录:
In contrast to the static tableaux of paradigms and epistemes, this is a history of dynamic fields, in which newly introduced bodies reconfigure and reshape those already present, and vice versa. The reactive logic of this sequence is productive. (查看原文)
赎罪羊
2赞
2024-12-11 16:35:06
—— 引自章节：Blind Sight 17
You can play an eighteenth-century clavichord at any time after the instrument’s revival around 1900 —but you cannot hear it after two intervening centuries of the pianoforte in the way it was heard in 1700. Sequence weaves history into the warp and woof of the present: not just as a past process reaching its present state of rest —how things came to be as they are —but also as the source of tensions that keep the present in motion. (查看原文)
赎罪羊
2赞
2024-12-11 16:35:06
—— 引自章节：Blind Sight 17