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内容简介:
“[Mythologies] illustrates the beautiful generosity of Barthes’s progressive interest in the meaning (his word is signification) of practically everything around him, not only the books and paintings of high art, but also the slogans, trivia, toys, food, and popular rituals (cruises, striptease, eating, wrestling matches) of contemporary life . . . For Barthes, words and objects have in common the organized capacity to say something; at the same time, since they are signs, words and objects have the bad faith always to appear natural to their consumer, as if what they say is eternal, true, necessary, instead of arbitrary, made, contingent. Mythologies finds Barthes revealing the fashioned systems of ideas that make it possible, for example, for ‘Einstein’s brain’ to stand for, be the myth of, ‘a genius so lacking in magic that one speaks about his thought as a functional labor analogous to the mechanical making of sausages.’ Each of the little essays in this book wrenches a definition out of a common but constructed object, making the object speak its hidden, but ever-so-present, reservoir of manufactured sense.”–Edward W. Said
This text refers to the Paperback edition.
作者简介:
Roland Barthes (November 12, 1915 – March 25, 1980) was a French literary critic, literary and social theorist, philosopher and semiotician.
原文摘录:
小资产阶级对这世界最重视的，是内在性∶一切凭借复返这一简单机制就蕴有其自身专门措辞的现象，也就是说，从字面上讲，一切受到报偿的现象，都很讨这个阶级喜欢。语言以其成分、确切说来用其句法负责传播这种回反的精神。譬如布热德先生对富尔先生说道∶”您要负脱离关系的责任，您得承受种种后果。”世界的无限消除了，一切都凝聚为一个简短而完整、无懈可击的定序形式，偿付、回报的定序形式。除了句子的内容本身之外，还有句法的匀称、对成规的确认（断言），据这成规，若是没有对应的后果就什么也不能达成，在成规之中，所有人类行为都被严格地反击、抵消、收回、补偿，总之，完全是数学的等式关系使小资产阶级安心，替他构设了一个与其行为相匹配的世界。……小资产阶级的勇敢在于避开质量的价值，以等式的静态面对转变的动态过程（以眼还眼、结果对原因、商品对货币、一个铜板抵一个铜板，等等）。
布热德先生心里很明白，这种重言式系统的主敌是辩证法。……辩证法实际上确有可能打开我们仔细地想以等式关闭的世界。辩证法是一种转化的技巧，在此情况下，它与属性的可计算的结构发生矛盾，越出了小资产阶级的界限，因而先是遭到咒诅，继而被宣布为纯粹是幻象
如今我们明白了小资产阶级的真实是什么了∶它甚至不是所见者，而是可被计算者;然而这种任何社会能够最为严密、狭隘地界定的真实，还是具有它独特的哲学∶这就是”正确的判断力”，”小人物”的出色的判断力，布热德先生说道。小资产阶级，至少是布热德先生的（食品店、肉店）小资产阶级，有自己的正确判断力，如同孔雀拥有值得炫耀的翎毛，这是特殊的感知器官;一个奇特的器官，为了看得清晰的缘故，它首先须对真相视而不见，放弃对表象的超越，将”真实”的命题当作真实的东西本身，井宣称冒着以解释取代反驳之类风险的所有事物都完全不存在。其作用就是在所见者与存在者之间设立简单的等同关系，使一个没有中继（交替）、没有转换（过渡）、没有… (查看原文)
龟龟
2 回复
9赞
2021-01-05 20:02:30
—— 引自章节：布热德先生的名言67
p18 (The world of wrestling)
We are therefore dealing with a real Human Comedy, where the most socially-inspired nuances of passion (conceit, rightfulness, refined cruelty, a sense of `paying one’s debts’) always felicitously find the clearest sign which can receive them, express them and triumphantly carry them to the confines of the hall. It is obvious that at such a pitch, it no longer matters whether the passion is genuine or not. What the public wants is the image of passion, not passion itself. There is no more a problem of truth in wrestling than in the theatre. In both, what is expected is the intelligible representation of moral situations which are usually private. This emptying out of interiority to the benefit of its exterior signs, this exhaustion of the content by the f… (查看原文)
无脊椎
2赞
2014-07-11 00:54:31
—— 引自第18页